Your question needs some precision : which diodes ?
Since the ESC cap is connected betweeb + & - of the battery...
If connected in series in forward direction from + to - on the esc. The ESC will be perfectly fine if it stays at a distance from the battery & diodes...
Indeed, that will be a quite nice short circuit for a second or so (and explosion maybe if lipo battery)
If connected in series correctly, it will be like just doing nothing(there or not there, no difference)... but since you said you would remove the ESC cap, the ESC will definitely suffer and may end up damaged. Brushless escs need a cap to calm down the spikes